Plain-language definitions of 133 terms used in raw material trade: Incoterms, payment, shipping, customs, quality documents, plastics, metals, chemicals, agriculture and energy.
Independent bodies that inspect the design, construction and maintenance of ships and offshore structures against their rules and assign “class”; IACS members include DNV, ABS, Lloyd’s Register, Bureau Veritas, ClassNK, RINA, KR, CCS and Türk Loydu. Most shipyard materials – plate, sections, pipe, welding consumables, coatings, rope, chain and pumps – must come from class-approved makers, with tests witnessed by the class surveyor and a class-stamped certificate, often EN 10204 3.2. Unapproved material puts the vessel’s class at risk.
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